The passive voice

The passive voice

	1)      Uses of the passive voice: a)      We use the passive voice when we want to focus on the action rather than who is doing the action. e.g: Three apples are eaten by Ahmed b)      The passive voice is used when what or who causes the action is unknown or unimportant e.g: Three apples are eaten

Gerund, infintive or both

Gerund, infinitive or both

Exercises 

1) Gerund :  a gerund is the “ing” form of a verb when it functions as a noun after a number of verb

                                    verb pattern: verb + verb + ing

e.g: I enjoy walking/ I hate drinking tea / I can’t stop thinking

The past perfect simple and continuous

The past perfect simple and continuous

EXERCISES 

I. Past perfect simple:

1) Form: 

Affirmative	Negative	interrogative
Jane had done her home work	Jane had not done her home work	Had Jane done her home work?
S + had + PP	S + had + not + pp	Had + S + pp?

2) Use:

Conditional

Conditional

EXERCISES 

1. Zero conditional:

− When you heat ice, it melts/ if you heat ice, it melts

●Form: When/ If + S + verb in the present simple, S + verb in the present simple

 ●Use: Zero conditional is used to express a fact or a general issue.

The future perfect simple and continuous

The future perfect simple and continuous

EXERCISES 

I. The future perfect simple:

Examples:

− By the end of this week, I will have revised all my math lessons.

− I’ll have handed it before Thursday

− I’ll have finished it before the dead line

− She will have finished before 9 o’clock.

− I will not have improved my English by the time I finish this course.

− Will you have finished studying Spanish by the end of the next year?

Phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs

EXERCISES 

                      i.            Verb + object + particle (separable)

a)      Phrasal verbs are separable when they are transitive (when they take a direct object)

e.g: -  count out a person  =   count a person out

- he takes off his coat          =   he takes his coat off

- he takes in his friend        =   he takes his friend in

phrasal verbs with "up" and "down"

phrasal verbs with "up" and "down"

EXERCISES 

up	down
UP towards a higher place make bigger to a centre increase improve complete establish	DOWN towards a lower place make smaller reduce decrease destroy analyse

NB: some phrasal verbs can have other meanings than those in the table

The passive voice

	The passive voice EXERCISES  1)      Uses of the passive voice: a)      We use the passive voice when we want to focus on the action rather than who is doing the action. e.g: Three apples are eaten by Ahmed b)      The passive voice is used when what or who causes the action is unknown or unimportant e.g: Three apples are eaten

Reported speech

Reported speech

EXERCISES 

• If the reporting verb is in the Present or Future tense (e.g., say, will say) there is no change in the tense of the verb in the Indirect speech.
  James says, “I eat an apple”. (D.S.)
  James says that he eats an apple”. (I.S.)

Modals

Modals

        I.            Modals of deduction (certainty, possibility, impossibility)

1.       Must: certainty:

a.       Present: must + infinitive of the verb

He has a house in London and another in paris, so he must be rich

That man must be a doctor

Common irregular verbs

Common irregular verbs

EXERCISES 

www.sites.google.com/site/neworks2030